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§ 1 · assistant
The assistant writes from your sources.
Ask a question and Citerra searches your library, then writes with every claim linked to the passage it came from.
Why do the lowest bands flatten at the first magic angle?
At the first magic angle the interlayer tunnelling and the kinetic scale are comparable, and the Fermi velocity of the lowest bands vanishes.1 The continuum model gives the angle at which this happens main.tex:45-51, the correlated insulator reported at half filling of those bands is the transport signature of the same flattening,2 and superconductivity appears on doping away from it.3
1. Moire bands in twisted double-layer graphene2. Correlated insulator behaviour at half-filling in magic-angle graphene superlattices3. Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlattices
Which of those three measures the angle directly?
Only the transport papers do. The continuum model derives the angle rather than measuring it.
Cited answers
Every claim links to the exact passage it came from, on the page it appears on.
Which of my papers measures the twist angle, rather than deriving it?
5 steps
- Checked which sources can be cited
- Searched your library for "measured twist angle"
- Read this source
- Searched the files for "magic angle"
- Read sections/flat-bands.tex
The superconductivity paper states an angle measured on the device.1 The continuum model derives the same angle from the tunnelling and kinetic scales, so it is a prediction rather than a measurement.2
1. Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlattices2. Moire bands in twisted double-layer graphene
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42\section{Flat-band model}43−The flat bands appear near a small twist angle.44The flat bands appear near 1.1 degrees~\cite{cao2018unconventional}.+5−4 wordsAcceptReject45At this angle the moir\'e superlattice quenches the46kinetic energy of the lowest bands, so interaction47rather than dispersion sets the scale.48−Transport measurements report an insulating state at half filling.49Transport measurements report correlated-insulator behaviour at half filling.
Accept or reject
Everything the assistant writes arrives as a tracked change, one change at a time, with the line it replaces above the line it becomes.
My rules
These outrank everything below them.
Counted from your draft
Measured over 8,412 words, recounted on every read.
- Reporting verbs
- suggests, indicates, reports
- Connectives
- whereas, in contrast, by contrast
- Word choices
- use not utilize, method not methodology
- Your terms
- moire superlattice, magic angle, flat band
Observations
- Opens a section with the question it answers.
- Does not hedge a result the numbers support.
Your writing style
Citerra counts how your draft is typed and which words you reach for, then writes to match. Your own rules outrank all of it.
[1] Cao, Y., Fatemi, V., Fang, S., Watanabe, K., Taniguchi, T., Kaxiras, E., & Jarillo-Herrero, P. (2018). Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlattices. Nature, 556(7699), 43-50.
[2] Bistritzer, R., & MacDonald, A. H. (2011). Moire bands in twisted double-layer graphene. PNAS, 108(30), 12233-12237.
[3] Lopes dos Santos, J. M. B., Peres, N. M. R., & Castro Neto, A. H. (2007). Graphene bilayer with a twist: Electronic structure. Physical Review Letters, 99(25), 256802.
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§ 2 · review
Find what a reviewer would find.
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Reviewed 3 min agoClear
The flat-band condition is derived before either measurement is used, and the two measurements are the right ones for it. Two statements stand on nothing in the library.
What works
- The continuum model is stated in full before anything is concluded from it paper.tex:42-54.
- Every symbol is defined where it first appears paper.tex:42-45.
Coverage1
The half-filling result is credited to the paper beside the one that reports it.
Half filling is credited to the other paper of the pair
Correlated insulator behaviour at half-filling in magic-angle graphene superlattices reports that result, and the note cites Cao et al., Nature 2018 for it, which is the superconductivity paper paper.tex:71-75.
ElaborateFixDismiss
Structure
Sound. Both equations arrive before the sentence that uses them.
Argument
Nothing is concluded that the two cited results do not carry.
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Ask for a review of the whole paper or one section, and read it back as a reviewer's report.
No feedback yet. Review the whole paper or one section.
Coverage
Work the paper should engage with and does not.
Structure
Sections missing, misplaced, or out of proportion.
Argument
Conclusions the paper's own reasoning does not carry.
Clarity
Passages a reader would have to read twice.
EvidenceCheck citations
Uncited statements, checked against the library.
Five things it reads for
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2 of 8 checked statements aren't supported by the library.
No source foundpaper.tex:71
Once the bands are flat, interaction rather than dispersion sets the scale of the problem.
The excerpts discuss flat bands and correlated phases but do not establish what sets the scale of the problem once the bands are flat.
ElaborateFixFind sourcesDismiss
Weak supportpaper.tex:65
The flat bands are therefore a property of a structure far larger than the atomic one.
The excerpts give the moiré period at this angle but do not establish what follows from it for the atomic scale.
ElaborateFixFind sourcesDismiss
Check the citations
Every statement carrying no citation is checked against your library, and counted against what was read.
69\section{What follows from a flat band}7071Once the bands are flat, interaction rather than dispersion sets the72scale of the problem. Transport measurements on devices near the73first magic angle report correlated-insulator behaviour at half
No source foundpaper.tex:71
The excerpts discuss flat bands and correlated phases but do not establish what sets the scale of the problem once the bands are flat.
ElaborateFixFind sourcesDismiss
Weak supportpaper.tex:65
The excerpts give the moiré period at this angle but do not establish what follows from it for the atomic scale.
A finding is a place
Each finding carries the file and the line it was found at, from a parser rather than from a generation.
the Fermi velocity of the lowest bands vanishes at a sequence of values of α, the first of which is α ≈ 0.605
From the library
Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlatticesCite
It states the magic angles as the values where the Fermi velocity drops to zero, and gives the first as 1.1 degrees.
Special angles, namely the ‘magic angles’, exist where the Fermi velocity drops to zero, the first of which is about θmagic = 1.1°.
2 more matched the topic without supporting it
From the literature
Moire bands in twisted double-layer grapheneAdd to library
Find a citation
Select a claim and your library answers with the passage that supports it, and with what that passage stops short of.
Cite the original
When the passage supporting you is itself citing someone, Citerra offers the original so the credit lands there.
- Length4,180 of 4,300 words
- Display items5 of 6
- Summary paragraph186 of 200 words
- References54 of 50
Submission checks
Check the paper against the venue you are submitting to: its length limit, its display items, its references and its format.
§ 3 · library
Every paper you are working from.
Every document has its own library. Search the open indexes, import what you already keep, and read all of it without leaving the paper.
Every database
600M+ papers across every database: PubMed, arXiv, IEEE Xplore, JSTOR, ScienceDirect and the rest of the literature. One click saves the result with its open-access PDF.
- The marvels of moire materials 2021
- Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlattices 2018
- Graphene bilayer with a twist: electronic structure 2007
- Moire bands in twisted double-layer graphene 2011
- Correlated insulator behaviour at half-filling in magic-angle graphene superlattices 2018
Import anything
Add a PDF, a BibTeX file, an RIS export, a DOI, or a whole Zotero or Mendeley collection.
Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlattices
Cao, Y. · Fatemi, V. · Fang, S. +4 · 2018
- Cite key
- cao2018unconventional
- Type
- Journal article
- Publication
- Nature
- Publisher
- Springer Nature
- Date
- 2018-03-05
- Volume
- 556
- Pages
- 43-50
- ISSN
- 0028-0836
- DOI
- 10.1038/nature26160
- Cited here
- 3 times
Clean metadata
Citerra reads the title, authors, venue and DOI from the record, not from the filename.
- Objective
- Novelty
- Result
- Method
Near the magic angle the moire superlattice quenches the kinetic energy and the lowest bands become flat bands.
Reading aids
Open a source and Citerra marks its sections, its key sentences, and the terms it defines.
[18] Cao, Y. et al. Correlated Insulator Behaviour at Half-Filling in Magic Angle Graphene Superlattice. arXiv:1802.00553 (2018).
[19] J. M. B. Lopes dos Santos, N. M. R. Peres, A. H. Castro Neto, Phys. Rev. B 86, 155449 (2012).
2 of 54 already in your library
- 18Correlated insulator behaviour at half-filling in magic-angle graphene superlatticesIn your library
- 19Continuum model of the twisted graphene bilayerAdd
- 20van der Waals Heterostructures with High Accuracy Rotational AlignmentAdd
Parsed bibliographies
Citerra parses the works a paper cites into rows, so the original is one click away.
- Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlatticestheory
- Correlated insulator behaviour at half-filling in magic-angle graphene superlatticesmethods
- Graphene bilayer with a twist: electronic structureread later
Tags and filters
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- Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlattices
- Correlated insulator behaviour at half-filling in magic-angle graphene superlattices
- Moire bands in twisted double-layer graphene
- Graphene bilayer with a twist: electronic structure
- The marvels of moire materials
Bulk export
Tick the rows you need and export them as BibTeX or CSV.
§ 4 · editors
LaTeX, or Word-style pages.
Choose LaTeX or a Word-style page when you start the paper. Same library, same assistant, same citations, and co-authors write in either.
13\section{Introduction}14\label{sec:intro}1516Bilayer graphene admits a flat-band17description~\cite{cao2018unconventional}18near $\theta \approx 1.1^\circ$, and the19continuum model of~\cite{bistritzer2011moire}20fixes the angle at which the lowest bands21flatten. The twisted-bilayer band22structure was set out earlier23in~\cite{santos2007graphene}.2425At this angle the moir\'e superlattice
1 Introduction
Bilayer graphene admits a flat-band description [4] near θ ≈ 1.1°, and the continuum model of [2] fixes the angle at which the lowest bands flatten. The twisted-bilayer band structure was set out earlier in [5].
At this angle the moiré superlattice quenches the kinetic energy of the lowest bands, so interaction rather than dispersion sets the scale of the problem.
2 Flat-band model
The low-energy continuum model treats each graphene layer as a rotated Dirac system coupled by a spatially modulated interlayer tunnelling term [2].
LaTeX, compiled here
Citerra compiles on its own servers, with four engines and a TeX Live version pinned per document.
2 Flat-band model
Bilayer graphene admits a flat-band description1 near θ ≈ 1.1°, and the continuum model2 fixes the angle at which the lowest bands flatten.
2.1 The competition of scales
The interlayer tunnelling energy competes with the kinetic scale, and the ratio of the two is what the magic angle is defined by
Equation 3 · numbered, cross-referenced, and set with the rest
At this angle the moiré superlattice quenches the kinetic energy of the lowest bands.
A Word-style editor
Write on a page, not in source. Citations from your library, numbered figures and equations, and the margins and spacing your rules ask for.
Conference Paper Title*
*Note: Sub-titles are not captured in Xplore and should not be used
Abstract—This document is a model and instructions for LaTeX.
Index Terms—component, formatting, style, styling, insert
I. Introduction
This document is a model and instructions for LaTeX. Please observe the conference page limits.
II. Ease of Use
A. Maintaining the Integrity of the Specifications
The IEEEtran class file is used to format your paper and style the text.
III. Prepare Your Paper Before Styling
Before you begin to format your paper, first write and save the content as a separate text file.
Journal templates
Start from IEEE, ACM, Springer LNCS, Elsevier or a thesis, on either surface, set up before you write a word.
The compiler met a command it does not know. Check the spelling; if the command comes from a package, make sure that package is loaded with \usepackage in the preamble.
! Undefined control sequence. l.44 The flat bands appear near \parencite
Readable compile errors
Citerra explains what the error means, jumps to the line, and hands the diagnostic to the assistant when you want the fix.
72dispersion sets the scale of the problem. Transport73measurements near the first magic angle74reports correlated-insulator behaviour atAI · grammarThe plural subject “measurements” requires the plural verb “report”.Replace with “report”Dismiss75half filling, and superconducitvity on76doping away from it, in the same device~\cite{cao2018unconventional}.7778\bibliographystyle{unsrt}79\bibliography{paper}8081\end{document}
Spelling and language
Spelling is checked in the prose, never in a command, a cite key or maths. Turn language suggestions on and grammar, wordiness and academic style are marked too, never applied.
44The flat bands appear near 1.1 degrees~\cite{cao2018unconventional}.45Devices were assembled by tear and stackA. Fischer46and measured at 70 mK.47−The twist angle was measured from the opticalalignment.48The twist angle was extracted from the superlattice49density rather than from the optical alignment.R. Okonkwo
- AFSay which device this angle belongs to.
- ROAdding it with the density in the next sentence.
Live collaboration
See your co-authors' carets, selections, comments and tracked changes live in the same file.
Today
Yesterday
51%52and the Fermi velocity vanishes at a53sequence of values of $\alpha$.−and the lowest bands flatten at a−discrete set of twist angles.54%
Version history
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§ 5 · reader
Read it here.
Open a source beside your draft. What you highlight stays with the paper, and what you ask goes to the paper in front of you.
Methods
The separated graphene pieces are manually rotated by a twist angle θ about 1.2° ∼ 1.3° and stacked together again, resulting in a precisely controlled TBG structure.
Transport measurements are performed in a dilution refrigerator with a base temperature of ∼ 70 mK except for the temperature-dependent quantum oscillations which are measured in a He-3 fridge.
A rough estimate of the twist angle can be given by the carrier density of the superlattice gaps at ±ns which exhibit as strongly insulating states.
What temperature were the devices measured at?
Down to a base temperature of 70 mK, in a dilution refrigerator.48
Page 48, paragraph 2
And how was the twist angle established?
From the carrier density of the superlattice gaps, which show as strongly insulating states.48
Ask a source
Ask the source you are reading a question and get the answer with its page.
Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlattices
At low twist angles, each electronic band in the MBZ has a four-fold degeneracy of spins and valleys, the latter of which are inherited from the original graphene electronic structure. Special angles, namely the ‘magic angles’, exist where the Fermi velocity drops to zero, the first of which is about θmagic = 1.1°.
Near this twist angle, the energy bands near charge neutrality, which are separated from other bands by single-particle gaps, become remarkably flat.
- ROThis is the number to cite in the introduction.
- AFWorth contrasting with the half-filling paper.
Highlights and notes
Mark a passage and comment on it as you read. Your co-authors see the same marks on the same source.
Figure 1 | 2D superconductivity in a graphene superlattice.
Read by Citerra: four-probe resistance against temperature. The resistance falls slowly, then drops to zero at the transition and stays there.
- Searched with the paper’s text
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- 11:52
- The tear-and-stack step is where the angle is actually set, and it drifts while the stack is annealed.
- 12:04
- Extract the twist angle from the superlattice density, not from the optical alignment, or the two devices cannot be compared at all.
- 12:31
- Anything more than a tenth of a degree off and the flat bands are gone, so put both angles in the caption.
- Quoted at 12:04
Recordings, transcribed
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§ 6 · reach
Wherever you are reading.
The paper you need is rarely in the tab you write in. Citerra reaches the places you already read, write and store things.
nature.com/articles/nature26160
Article
Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlattices
Nature 556, 43-50 (2018)
doi.org/10.1038/nature26160
Download PDF
Citerra
Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlattices
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flat-bands.docx
Flat bands and correlated phases in twisted bilayer graphene
2 Flat-band model
Superconductivity appears near 1.1 degrees [1] and the correlated insulator sits at half filling of the same bands [2].
At this angle the moiré superlattice quenches the kinetic energy of the lowest bands.
Flat bands in twisted bilayer
- Unconventional superconductivity in magic-angle graphene superlattices
- Correlated insulator behaviour at half-filling in magic-angle graphene superlattices
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- Results rewritten after review+128−64
- Fix bibliography encoding+6−6
- Add the half-filling reference+14−2
- Start the revision+52−18
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